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From the past, our ancestors prayed for the well-being of the village and placed a guard and a hill in the village entrance to protect the village from all the evil spirits of the world. Jangseung Park, located at the entrance of Hahoe Village in Andong, protects the Hahoe Village, which has a history of 1,000 years. We visit and take a look a pair of Jangseung standing at the entrance of Jangseung Park, which serves as a protective god protecting Hahoe Village
Editor Lee Jee-yeun | Photo Park Bo-hyung

 
 

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Áö³­ 1980³â ÇÏȸ¸¶À»·Î ÀÌÁÖÇÑ ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº 1990³â ÁîÀ½ ¸¶À» ÀÔ±¸¿¡ Àå½Â°ø¿øÀ» °Ç¸³Çß´Ù. ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº Çѱ¹ ¹®È­ ºÒ¸ðÁö¿´´ø 1980³â »ê¾÷È­ Ãʱ⠽ô뿡 Çѱ¹ ÀüÅ빮ȭ¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°Ô µÈ °è±â¸¦ ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù.
“¿ø·¡ ºÐÀ縦 ÇÏ´Ù°¡ ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô ¸ñ°¢À» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏȸ¸¶À»ÀÇ Å»ÀÌ 1965³â ±¹º¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ´ç½Ã ¿ì¸® ¹®È­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀϹÝÀεéÀÇ °ü½ÉÀº Àû¾úÁö¸¸, ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ¿ì¸® ¹®È­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎÈïÀÌ ÀϾ °ÍÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çß½À´Ï´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ¿ì¸® ¹Î¼Ó¹®È­´Â ¼¼°è ¾îµð¼­µµ º¼ ¼ö ¾ø´Â µ¶Æ¯ÇÔ°ú ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ Áú¼­¿Í Àΰ£Á¸Áß Á¤½ÅÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.”

After moving to Hahoe Village in 1980, Mr. Kim Jong-heung built Jangseung Park at the entrance of the village in 1990. He mentioned the moment when he became interested in Korean culture in the early industrialization period of 1980, which was a time of wasteland.of Korean culture.
“I originally started woodcarving naturally when I was twenties. I saw that the Hahoe Maskdances of Hahoe Village was designated as national treasure in 1965. At that time, the general public’s interest in our culture was minimal, but I thought that someday we would see revival in our culture. This is because our folk culture is full of uniqueness, natural order and human respect that cannot be seen anywhere else in the world.”

 
 

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¸ñ¼®¿øÀº Àå½Â°ø¿ø, Àå½ÂÀü½Ã½Ç, ÈްԽýÇ, ÆǸŽü³ µîÀÌ µé¾î¼± º¹ÇÕ¹®È­°ø°£ÀÌ´Ù. ºÐÀ縦 Çϸ鼭 ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô ¸ñ°¢ ÀåÀÎÀÌ µÈ ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº ¿¹¼úÀû Àç´ÉÀÌ ¶Ù¾î³­ ¿¹¼úÀÎÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â µ¶ÇÐÀ¸·Î ¸ñ°¢À» ¹è¿ö ¿ì¸® ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ¾Öȯ°ú ÇØÇÐÀÌ ¼­¸° ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¸ð¾çÀÇ Àå½ÂÀ» Á¶°¢ÇØ Àå½Â°ø¿øÀ» °Ç¸³Çß´Ù.

Visited 1 million tourists a year in 1999 after visiting Queen Elizabeth’s Hahoe village
Like his idea, since 1990, 50,000 tourists visited Hahoe Village every year and began to experience Korean traditional village culture. In 1999, a visit to Hahoe Village of Queen Elizabeth of England led to an annual increase of one million visitors to Hahoe Village. As the number of tourists increased, visitors to Jangseung Park also increased exponentially.
Mokseokwon is a complex cultural space including Jangseung Park, Jangseung Exhibition Hall, rest room, and sales facilities. Mr. Kim Jong-heung, who became a natural woodcarving craftsman while playing bunsei business, is an excellent example of his artistic talent. He taught woodcarving by self-education, carved the various forms of myths and wisdom of our nation, and built Jangseung Park by himself.

 
 

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“¿©¿Õ²²¼­ ÇÏȸ¸¶À»À» ¹æ¹®ÇÑ 4¿ù 21ÀÏÀÌ »ý½ÅÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¶Ä§ Á¦ »ýÀϵµ ±× ³¯À̾ú¾î¿ä. ±×³¯ »ý½Å»óÀº Àΰ£¹®È­Àç°¡ Â÷·È½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ´©±º°¡ ¿©¿Õ°ú Ãà¹è¸¦ ÇØ¾ß ÇßÁÒ. ¿©¿Õ°ú »ýÀÏÀÌ °°Àº »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´Ù¼¸»ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±× ÁßÀÇ ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ Àú¿´´Âµ¥, Á¦°¡ ÇÏȸ¸¶À»¿¡ »ì°í, Å»Ãã°ø¿¬µµ ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î Ãà¹èÁÖ¸¦ µé°Ô µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Àú±â º¸ÀÌ´Â »çÁøÀÌ ±×¶§ ÃÔ¿µÇÑ °ÍÀε¥, Á¦ ÀÏ»ý¿¡ ¿µ±¤ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.”
ÇÏȸ¸¶À»¿¡¼­´Â ¿¤¸®ÀÚº£½º ¿©¿Õ ¹æ¹® 20ÁÖ³âÀ» ±â³äÇØ 2019³â 5¿ù 11ÀϺÎÅÍ ÃàÁ¦¸¦ °³ÃÖÇÑ´Ù. ¿ÃÇØ´Â ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¾Øµå·ù ¿ÕÀÚ°¡ ÃàÁ¦¸¦ ±â³äÇØ ¹æ¹®ÇÒ ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù. ÇÑÆí 5¿ù ÃàÁ¦ ¶§´Â ¾ç¹ÝµéÀÌ ºÎ¿ë´ë¿¡¼­ Áñ±â´ø ³îÀÌÀÎ ¼±À¯ÁÙºÒ³îÀÌ°¡ ¾Èµ¿ÀÇ ¹ã ÇÏ´ÃÀ» Àå¾öÇÏ°Ô ¼ö³õÀ» ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù.

His borning same day with Queen Elizabeth, Having a birthday toast to 73-years old Queen
When Queen Elizabeth visited to Hahoe Village of the United Kingdom in 1999, Mr. Kim Jong-heung was featured in the press and was once famous. He explained about the occasion.
“The Queen visited Hahoe Village on April 21st, that is her birthday. My birthday was that day. On that day, someone had to have a toast with the Queen. There were five people with the same birthday as the Queen. One of them was me, and I came to the toast because I lived in Hahoe village and performed a mask dance. The photo we saw there was taken at that time, and I am honored to be with her Majesty.”
In commemoration of the 20th anniversary of Queen Elizabeth’s visit in Hahoe Village, the festival will be held from May 11, 2019 here. This year, Prince Andrew of England will visit the festival. Meanwhile, during the May festival, the Sunyoujulbulnori will be held in riverside of Hahoe Village.

 
 

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1990³â ±¹°¡ ÁöÁ¤ ¸ñ°¢ÀåÀÎÀÌ µÈ ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀÌ Áö±Ý±îÁö ¸¸µç Àå½ÂÀº 6¹é¿© Á¡¿¡ ´ÞÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁßÀÇ ¾à 60%°¡ Çѱ¹ÀÇ Àü±¹ Àå½Â°ø¿ø¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ´Â ÇÑÆí 2¹é¿© Á¡Àº ÇØ¿Ü °ø¿ø¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾ú´Ù. ´ëÀÛÀÇ °æ¿ì ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀÌ ÇÑ °³ÀÇ Àå½ÂÀ» ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ ¼Ò¿äµÇ´Â ½Ã°£Àº 1ÁÖÀÏ¿¡¼­ 10ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¼ÒÇ°Àº Æò±Õ 2-3ÀÏÀÌ¸é ¿Ï¼ºÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº Àå½ÂÀ» Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¶§ ¼Ò³ª¹«¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¼Ò³ª¹«¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
“¼Ò³ª¹«´Â ¿À·¡ °¡°í õ¿¬ÀÇ Çâ ¶§¹®¿¡ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °¡±õ°Ô ´Ù°¡°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡ ¼Ò³ª¹« »êÀÌ ¸¹±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±¸Çϱ⵵ ¿ëÀÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù.”

Over 600 large and small Jangseung are installed in Jangseoung Park and abroad.
In 1990, Mr. Kim Jong-heung, who became a national wood carving craftsman, has made about 600 pieces of artpieces that he has made so far. Approximately 60% of them are installed in Jangseung Park in Korea, while about two hundred are installed in overseas parks. In the case of masterpieces, it takes about one week to ten days for him to complete. And small artworks can be completed in 2-3 days on average.
The tree that makes Jangseung is pine. Director Mr. Kim Jong-heung explained why he chose pine trees.
“Pine trees can go very close to people because of their long, natural fragrance. Because there are many mountains of pines in our country, it is easy to obtain.”

 
 

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ÇÑÆí ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº Áö³­ 90³â ÁîÀ½ ÇÏȸ¸¶À»¿¡ ¼ÒÀçÇÑ ¾Èµ¿ ÇÏȸº°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã Àü¼ö°ü ¾î¸¥¿¡°Ô Å»ÃãÀ» ¹è¿ü´Ù. ¾î¸± ¶§ºÎÅÍ ¸ñ°¢ÀÎÇüÀ» ¸¸µé°í ¿ì¸® ¹®È­¿¡ ½ÉÃëÇÑ Å¿¿¡ ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°Ô Å»±ÂÃã¿¡ °¡±îÀÌ ´Ù°¡°¬´Ù. ±× ÀÌÈÄ ¿À´Ã±îÁö Å»Ãã Àü¼öÀÚ·Î È°µ¿ÇÏ´Â ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº ÇÏȸ¸¶À»ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¹®È­ÀçÀÎ º°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼Ò°³Çß´Ù.
“Å»ÃãÀº 1965³â ±¹°¡ ÁöÁ¤ ¹®È­Àç°¡ µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ´ç½Ã¿¡µµ ¸¶À»¿¡ º°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã Àü¼ö°ü°ú °ø¿¬ÀåÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ´ç½Ã¿¡´Â Ưº°°ø¿¬À» Çß°í, »ó¼³°ø¿¬À» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ °ÍÀº 1995³âµµºÎÅÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÏÁ¦½Ã´ë¿¡ ¸¶Áö¸· °ø¿¬À» Çß´ø º°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã 1¼¼´ë ÀåÀβ²¼­ º¹¿øÀ» ÇÏ°í µ¹¾Æ°¡¼Ì½À´Ï´Ù.”

Learned from an adult of Hahoe Mask Dance Junsukwan in 1990 and acted as a superintendent for 30 years
On the other hand, Mr. Kim Jong-heung learned Mask dance in Hahoe Village. Since he was a child of artistic talent, he was deeply touched by Korean culture. Since then, Mr. Kim Jong-heung, who has been working as a masked dancer until today, a major cultural asset of Hahoe Village.
“Mask dance became a nationally designated cultural property in 1965. At that time, there was an extraordinary talent dancing ritual and a performance hall in the village. At that time, I do special performances and started a permanent performances from 1995. The first-generation artisan dancer who performed the last performance in the era of Japanese imperialism was restored it and died.”

 
 

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ÇöÀç ÇÏȸº°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã Àü¼ö°ü¿¡¼­ ¹«´ë¸¦ ÁöÅ°´Â »ç¶÷Àº 30¸íÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹ÀüºÎÅÍ Àü¼öÀڷκÎÅÍ ¹è¿î »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í, Çб³¿¡¼­ ¹è¿ö º°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã Àü¼öÀÚ°¡ µÈ »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏȸº°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃã Àü¼öÀÚÀÎ ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº ÃãÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ°ú Àǹ̿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
“ÇÏȸº°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃãÀº ¼­¹ÎµéÀÌ Å»À» ¾²°í ¾ç¹Ý Áß½ÉÀÇ »çȸ¿¡¼­ ¼­¹Îµé¸¸ÀÌ °®°Ô µÇ´Â ¾ÖȯÀ» ´ëº¯ÇÏ´Â ³îÀÌÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ ½ÅºÐ»çȸ¿¡¼­ ¾ÖȯÀ» ±×´ë·Î ³ëÃâÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ÇØÇаú dzÀÚ¸¦ ÅëÇØ »çȸ Á¤ÀǸ¦ ºÎ¸£Áþ´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ¼­¹Î³îÀ̶ó°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.”
ÇÏȸº°½ÅÅ»±ÂÃãÀº ¸ðµÎ 9°³ ¸¶´çÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÇöÀç´Â ¹«µ¿¸¶´ç, ÁÖÁö¸¶´ç, ¹éÁ¤¸¶´ç, Çҹ̸¶´ç, ÆÄ°è½Â¸¶´ç, ¾ç¹Ý¼±ºñ¸¶´ç µî 6°³ ¸¶´çÀÌ ¾Èµ¿ °ø¿¬Àå¿¡¼­ ÆîÃÄÁø´Ù.
ƯÈ÷ 2019³âºÎÅÍ ÇÏȸ¸¶À» ³»¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ø¿¬Àå¿¡¼­ ¿ù¿äÀÏÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í ÁÖ 6ȸ ¸ÅÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ 2½Ã 30ºÐºÎÅÍ °ø¿¬ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÆÄ°è½Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ±× ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°Ô µÈ °è±â¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
“Å»³îÀ̸¦ ÇÏ·Á¸é °¢ ¿ªÇÒ¿¡ üÀ§°¡ ¸Â¾Æ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °í·Á½Ã´ë ÆÄ°è½Â ¸ð½ÀÀÇ Å»À» ¾²¸é °¡Àå ¸ÚÀÖ°í È­·ÁÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¦°¡ ÆÄ°è½Â ÃãÀÌ ÁÁ¾Æ¼­ ¼±ÅÃÀ» Çß°í, Àü¼öÀÚ Áß ´©±¸º¸´Ù ÆÄ°è½Â°ú ¾î¿ï¸®´Â ¿ë¸ð¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.”

Dancing as a Pagyeseoung 6 times every week at the Hahoe-Beulsin Talugut dancing hall in 2019
At present, there are 30 people who keep the stage at the Hahoe Beulsin-Talugut dancing hall, Some have learned from the past, some have been taught at school, and some have become extra charismatic dancers. Mr. Kim Jong-heung the leader of the Hahoe dancer, talks about the role and meaning of dance.
“Hahoe Beulsin-Talugut dance is a play that talks about the affection that only the common people have in the society where it accustomed to a yangban-centric rule. However, it can be seen as a type of public play that calls social justice through humor and satire without revealing the ghost in the class society.
There are nine courtyards for all of the Hahoe Mask dances. Nowadays, six courtyards such as Mudong Courtyard, Zhuji Courtyard, Baekjeong Courtyard, Halmi Courtyard, Sangnom Courtyard, and Yangbai Sunbi Courtyard are held in Andong’s Mask dances hall.
In particular, there will be performances from 2:30 p.m. to 3:30 p.m. every day at the hall in Hahoe Village from 2019. Mr. Kim Jong-heung, who plays the role of a Pagyeseoung, explained the moment when he became the role.
“To play, each role must be in position. It is the most fashionable and gorgeous when you wear a Pagyeseoung’s drobe in the Koryo period. I made a choice it because I like dancing Pagyeseoung and I think I have a look that goes well with it.”

 
 

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±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀÌ Æò»ý °¡Àå Áñ°Ì°í ½Å³ª´Â ÀÏÀ» À̾߱âÇ϶ó¸é ´Ü¿¬ ÇØ¿Ü ÇÑÀÎÃàÁ¦Àå¿¡¼­ ÆîÄ¡´Â Àå½ÂÁ¶°¢°ú Å»Ãã ÆÛÆ÷¸Õ½º´Ù. Áö³­ 90³â´ëºÎÅÍ ÇØ¿Ü °ø¿¬À» ³ª°¡ Çѱ¹ÀÇ ¹®È­¸¦ ÇØ¿Ü ÇÑÀΰú ¿Ü±¹Àο¡°Ô ¼±º¸ÀÌ´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ±èÁ¾Èï ¿øÀåÀº ÀÚ¶û½º·´°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ È°µ¿¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼Ò°³Çß´Ù.
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Iinvited to Korean festival abroad and introduced to Korea traditional culture with Jang seung-sculpture and mask dance performances.
If he want to talk about the most enjoyable and exciting events in his life, Mr. Kim Jong-heung will going to talk about a jangseung sculpture and masquerade performance at the Korean festival day. Mr. Kim Jong-heung, who has been playing overseas since the 90’s and introducing Korea’s culture to Korean-born people abroad and foreigners, proudly introduced his activities.
“They invite me to share and learn Korean traditional culture mainly during Korean festival abroad. When they prepare the pine trees in the local area, I take my role by performing mask dance while performing jangseung sculpture.”
Mr. Kim Jong-heung performs Korean traditional culture contents’s dance performance at Korean festivals around the world including USA, Russia, China and India. At that time, a large number of tourists who have participated in the festival gather around him to photograph. Mr. Kim introduced some of his performances.
“Last year, during the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games in Gangwon Province, I did the performance for anticipating the success of Olympic in front of the domestic and foreign tourists. I do performance when there is a festival in Gwanghwamun which calls spring of March lunar every year. In 1995, I participated in a Korean cultural performance at the Smithsonian Museum during former President Kim Young-sam’s visit to the United States. At that time, I also danced to Arirang while cutting the tree with the ax. I saw the tears of the grandmothers who watched this scene on stage.”
The jangseung sculpture, which has been completed through overseas performance, is now on display in the local park. In the park of 6,000 pyeong, Virginia, USA, there are four statues made by him. At the same time, he performed a Korean culture with a large bibimbap made by a Korean food expert at a Korean festival, while State Senator of Virginia having attended the ceremony. On that day, Mr. Kim Jong-heung made a wooden jangseung that could be a man-sized in the field, spreading the performance of bibimbap.
In addition, Mr. Kim Jong-heung was invited to the Korean festival in Bordeaux, France. In particular, he said he felt the respect for arts in the French festival.
“I was thrilled to be applauded by the cheerful French and Korean people who watched my dance performance. I was also impressed by the feeling ‘the country of art is different too’. We need to export automobiles with industrial technology, but I thought it would be good for national interests to expert the traditional culture abroad.”

 
 

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Wishing to be handed down to the next generations of Korean traditional culture contents like the flowing river
During the last 30 years, Mr. Kim Jong-heung, who has been playing with jangseung sculpture and dancing every day in the Hahoe village, talks about his life.
“Since I was in my 20s, I have been constantly learning and practicing what I want to do. It is important for us to understand the values of Korean traditional culture, to learn and share our lives. I now achieved a dream of my life. The next generation should be able to understand, learn and spread the preciousness of our culture as we have lived! That’s what I think these days.”
Every year on the last day of the lunar January, Mr. Kim Jong-heung acts as a mountain priest in Hahoe Village during the New Year Festival. He leads the 800 year old village event and wakes up at the wisdom of his old ancestors. Like his wishes, we hope that Korean cultural policy makers as well as culturally active young people learn and appreciate the value and meaning of traditional Korean culture and hope to continue the history and uniqueness of Korean culture on this land like a stream flowing in the next generation.